Pressing apparatus



July 8, 1941. o, OECKL 2,248,186

PREssING APPARATUS Original Filed Oct. 1l, 1.958 2 Sheets-Sheet. 1

I x 'Figi 5.a/ C90 7.9 20 5a ATToRNEv n July s, 1941. *O oE-'CKL 2,248,186

PRESSING APIARATUS Original Filed Oct. 11'1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Attorneys i e Patented July8, i941 UNITED STAT-Es.. PATENT-x OFFICE 2.24am a rarissimi APPARATUS Otto Oeckl, Berlin-Schoneberg, Germany, as-

sixnor to the firm Henschel Flugzeug-Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Schenefeld, Kreis Teltow,

lGermany original application october 11, 193s, serial No.

Divided and this application July 21,

1939, Serial-No..2ii5,786. In Germany February This application is a divisional of my copending application Serial ,No.v 234,455, filed October The invention relatesto the production of sheet metal. prsings, and a general object of the invention is to provide a novel press intended more especially for 'theproduction of deep and complicated pressings` in a sharply defined and faultless manner.

According to the invention va high pressure vpress may be constructed such that articles of diierent sizes can be produced withthe aid of rigid material or elastic yielding material, whilst economical utilisation of this yielding material is ensured.

With this object in view, the press comprises 8 Claims. .'(Cl. 113-38) bodies and may be provided with exchangeable filling Aor insert pieces of unyieldable material in order for instance to be able to arrange a pressure cushioniof rubber also in the table.

The invention, which is susceptible ofv vrealisation in various embodiments, includes the following features:

two press parts movable towards and away from one another, one of which contains aA chamber open towardsthe other press part and arranged for 'the temporary reception of one or more exchangeable filling pieces or inserts of equal or unequal size of unyielding material, which, sing. ly or together, are `interchangeable with inserts of corresponding size of elastic yieldable material. According to the size of the sheet metal parts to Abe produced or the size of they matrix or moulding piecevwhich is to be used, the inserts are singly or together used for the pressing operation. For example, if` instead of large pieces only small .pieces are, to be pressed by means of rubber, inserts'of the elastic yieldable material are left in the chamber, whilst the remaining space in the chamber is filled out with the unyielding fillingpieces or inserts. An exactly fitting counterpart of unyielding material works together with the insert Qf elastic yielding material used -at each time. The rigid counterpart is preferably formed by the insert that has been replaced by the yielding insert.

The filling pieces of rigid material form limiting walls forV the elastic yieldable insert piece or insertv pieces of the necessary size and render -powerful moulding possible.

The counterpart or its carrier, consisting for example of the press table, may be sub-divided so that the table parts can be used separately or together, whilst there are provided separate controis which can be coupled, the table parts then being rigidly coupled together by suitabledevices for this purpose and capable of being driven jointly. The high pressure press can also be used for pressing with the aidl of swages, if the firm filling pieces are correspondingly provided with the matrix or patrix.

The'presstable may be constructed as hollow ployed, of means for preventing said material being pressed away outwardly over its lateral boundary and over the side opposite to the press surface;

(3) A method in which the actual pressing out of thesheet metal .is performed at only a low speed.

Further features and objects of .-the invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the following disclosure l of a number of embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates in' sideelevation a high pressure press with the .parts of a suo-divided press table rigidly connected together; a

Fig. 2 illustrates the same press with the table parts separated; and l Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the table and counterpart' of the press and indicates various vvuses of the press.

Figs. 45 and 6 diagrammatically illustrate the press in section and indicate further uses thereof.

Referring to the drawings, on -the press base `I5 are provided two pressure cylinders I6 with pistons I'I `for the two-part movable press table I8, I8a. The two table p'arts I8, I8a may be rigidly connected" together, for instance, by means Aof straps I9 and screw bolts 20 (Fig. 1). 'In this case, the respective distributing device -for the pressure cylinders I6 may be coupled together and operated from a common control;

also a common pressure medium line maybe provided for both cylinders I8.

The columns '3a for guiding the table parts carry at their upper-ends acrosshead 2i which is constructed asta hollow body comprising the chamber lI2a. the side ywalls 5c -of which are reinforced by webs and flanges I0a. The cham` filling piece 22. With a press arranged in the manner described it is possible to press hard on hard, either by jointly moving up the two previously coupled table parts II, Isa or by driving each part Il, I8a.- separately. In Fig. 4 the 4iirst possibility is assumed. Opposite the upper die 29 the table I8, I8a is provided with a lower die 30 on Awhich a large work Il to be formed is placed. Smaller pieces are pressed by making use of the individual parts I8, 22 or Ita, 22a of the press and arranging the respective dies separately on the table parts I8, Ita below and` securing them on top to the spindles 24. Such an arrangement will permit doubling of the output.

The press may of course be used also in the manner indicated in Fig. 3 by removing from the chamber I2a one of the rigid inserts 22, 22a and replacing it by an insert 25a of elastic yieldable solid material, e'. g. rubber, which may be composed of individual plates. This insert is exchangeably secured in the crosshead 2I, for instance, by means of a plate 26'and the screw spindle or bushing 2l. l

'I'he removed rigid insert 22a is placed on the table part Ita and serves as'rigid counterpart which coacts with the rubber cushion 25a which iltsinto the chamber space I 2a that is not filled by the rigid body 22. 3l is a matrix disposed on the insert 22a, and 35 is a work piece, still in fiat condition, to'be deformed in the rubber body acting as patrix.

The table parts I8, Ilacan-be separately moved so as to permit pressing hard against a yielding resistance in'one-half of the press and hard upon hard in theother. In the left half of the press a matrix- 29a is .secured to the This method chosen'when large molded bodies 2| are to be produced by pressing withl the aid of rubber, etc., the table 'parts Il, Ila supporting the matrix lla beine.'- then coupled and jointly driven.

'Ihe lling pieces 22 can also be utilised for raising the pressure surface of the press table if the execution of the whole stroke of the table is not necessary for the pressing operation. 'I'he shorter working path of the press leads .to a quicker method of working.

I n accordance with a further feature of the invention the press table parts Il, Ilaare preterably made hollow andpacked out with one or4 more filling pieces 21. 21e of rigid maierial, which advantageously are exchangeable for inserts 28 (or 28a) and 28e of elastic yieldable solid material, e. g. rubber (Fig. 3) and of rigid material, respectively.

Fig'. 6 shows i'or instance how a-rigid insert 21 is arranged under a rigid insert 22 and held there by means of the screwspindle 24 which with its lower threaded end is screwed into a threaded bore 34 of the insert 21. It is therefore possible to deform the work pieces to be produced also in the press table parts with the aid of the rubber cushions. dicates the possibility of raising, as it were, the press table surface by means of the rigid inserts 22a so as to shorten the pressure' stroke between the matrix 29h and the patrik 33h for deforming the work-piece 35h.. The insertions 22, 22a or 25, 25a on the one hand 21, 21c or 2l, 28e on the other are of diierent size. The table inserts are, as a rule, chosen smaller than those of the cross head. Owing to the employment of table inserts, the

. pressing members can be adapted still more to insert 22 by means of a spindle 24, and on the table I8 the patrix 32a with the sheetmetal piece 35a 'to be deformed is positioned. The :oupled drive of the two press halves Il, IIa makes it possible, when the same driving pressure is employed, to double the amount of pressure applied by pressing only between I8 -and 22 or between Ila and 25a at a time. This applies also to the arrangement shown in Fig. 4.

The sizes of` the rigid lfilling piece 22 andthe cushion insert 25 are such that the latter provides the press surface required for the production of a given pressed article, whilst the remaining space of the chamber is iilled up by one or more of the filling pieces 22.

The inserts 22, 22a and '25a are of equal size so as to be interchangeable. 'The lower face of the members 25a is somewhat set back relative to the under surface of the crosshead'2l, so that'theyielding material is.compressed only when the rigid insert 22a has entered the chamber I2 a to a certain depth. f

It is recommended to give to the elastic cush-I ion a resistant pressuresurface, which is at- Y tainable, for instance, by using plates of soft Y. and hard caoutchouc.

`As shown ln`Flg. `5, thechamber "I2a may be -tllled onlywith inserts 2i, 25a ot elastic yieldable material, whilst the rigid iilling pieces 22.

the size of the molded pieces be produced. It is of course'also possible to deform between two-inserts 21.

By means of illling pieces, as 21o, 28e, ex

tending tothe working surface. the inserts may be 'completed up to the normal size required for insertion. The invention has the advantage of an increased economy in rubber, because this relatively expensive material rapidly wears out, particularly inthe manufacturer or deeply hollowed articles, and now for small articles only correspondingly smallrubber inserts need be used. Thereby, with the same press large, and in particular flat, work Vpieces-may be pressed, if the :small inserts are replaced by those of larger working surface.

A further advantage of the invention is that by adapting' the size of the working surface to the size of the work piece, the whole pressure of the press operates only on the work piece, and this leads to particularly sharp stamping with a vfoldless edge.

Further, the sub-division of the movable press i l parts (press table) leads, onpressing small work pieces, to a reduction in the dead weight vto be moved and thus to an economical method of working.

stampings comprising two press parts movable r'22a are disposed on thetable parts Il, Ila. 7s

towards and away .from one another, one of said pressparts containing a chamber open towards the other of said press parts. a Vplurality ot press bodies adapted for separate and interchangeable insertion in said chamber, some of said press bodies consisting ot elasticyielding material and the other bodies or rigid material, said chamber being of a size to receive and to be iilled by at least two of said bodies disposed therein in side by side relationship, means for securing two of said bodies in side by side relationship in said chamber, and a rigid counterpart adapted to be carried by the other press part for cooperation with at least one oi' two press bodies securedin said chamber, the arrangement being such that hard-m-yielding pressing operations may be eiiected either between two press bodies or yield- 'ing material disposed in said chamber and said Vassenso rigid counterpart or between one body of yielding materialy which together with a second body illiing the chamber is disposed therein and said rigid counterpart, and that hard-on-hard pressing operations may be effected either between two press bodies voi'rigid material disposed in said chamber and 'said rigid counterpart or between one body of rigid material whichtogetherwith a second body lilling the chamber is disposed therein and said rigid counterpart.

2. A press as set forth in claim-1, wherein the press bodies o! rigid materialare adapted, separately and one v with another, to form at least partly the rigid counterpart.

3. A press as set forth in claim l, wherein the I press bodies of rigid material are each provided with means for attaching a swage thereto.

4. A press as set forth in claim 1, whereinsaid other press part has atleast one depression open .towards the chamber and which is substantially smaller than said chamber, -a plurality oi' inserts adapted vfor separate and interchangeable insertion into said depression, some` of said inserts consisting of elastic yielding material'and the other inserts of rigid material, at least one oiA ling oi elastic yielding'material-andthe other bodies of rigid material, said chamber being of a size to receive and to be filled by at least two oi said bodies disposed therein in side by side relationship, means for securing two of said bodies in side-by side relationship in said chamber, the other press part being movable towards and away from the rst press part and being divided into two sections along substantially a plane of divisionwhich includes the contact plane oi two press bodies secured in the chamber, each section Vbeing adapted to carry-a rigid counterpart for cooperation with a press body in said chamber, and means for actuating said sections independently or in unison, the arrangement beingsuch that hard-on-yielding pressing operations may be effected either between two press bodies oi yielding material disposed in said chamber and; two rigid counterparts 'disposed on and movablel in unison with said sections or between one body of yielding material which together with a second filling body is disposed in said chamber and one rigid counterpartdisposed on and movable with one oi said sections, and that hard-on-hard pressing operationsvmay be eiiected either'between two press bodies oi' rigid material disposed in said chamber and two rigid counterparts disposed as aforesaid or between one body of rigid material which together with a second body nlling the chamber is disposed therein and one rigid counterpart'disposed as aforesaid.

6. A press as set forth in claim 5, wherein the press bodies of rigid material are each adapted l to form a rigid counterpart.

f7. A press as set forth in claim 5, wherein thepress. bodies of rigid material are each provided with means for attaching a swage thereto.

'8. A press as set fortlrin claim 5, wherein at least one of said sections'has a depression which opens toward the chamber and is substantially smaller than said chamber, a plurality of inserts adapted for separate` and interchangeable insertion into said depression, some-of said inserts conslsting of elastic material and the other inserts of rigid material, at least one of said inserts of rigid material being adapted, for an additional hardon-yielding pressing operation, to be secured to a press body of rigid material disposed in said chamber ior cooperation with an insert of yield.-V

ing material disposed in said depression.

' o'r'ro oEcKL. 

